| 1a |
Second dorsal with 14-15 elements; lower jaw extending
to or slightly beyond
posterior margin of eye; ......................................................................................
2

|
| 1b |
Second dorsal with 16-17 elements; lower jaw extending
beyond posterior
margin of jaw by at least 1 eye diameter; ..........................................................
3

|
| 2a |
Pectoral fin with 18-19 elements; first dorsal fin with
elongate spine in male; second dorsal with generally 14
elements; ...............................................zosterura
|
| 2b |
Pectoral fin with 20-21 elements; first dorsal fin without
an elongate spine in
male; second dorsal with generally 15 elements;.............................................
erici

|
| 3a |
Caudal fin rounded about equal to head length;
first dorsal generally 5(4-6)
spines; D1 without elongate spines; no scales on body .....................
longipinnis |
| 3b |
Caudal fin lanceolate; first dorsal with 4 spines; elongate
spine in D1 of
males; very small embedded scales on caudal peduncle;............panamensis

female color pattern
|